H₂SO₄
Compound · Acid
Sulfuric acid
硫酸
Sulfuric acid (硫酸), formula H₂SO₄, is a acid with a molar mass of 98.08 g/mol (CAS 7664-93-9). Colourless oily viscous liquid; miscible with water; dissolving is highly exothermic.
Key facts
| Molar mass | 98.08 g/mol |
|---|---|
| Category | Acid |
| State at 25°C | Liquid |
| CAS | 7664-93-9 |
Structure
HO–SO₂–OH
Tetrahedral sulfur with two S=O double bonds
Physical properties
| Appearance | Colourless oily viscous liquid |
|---|---|
| Melting point | 10 °C |
| Boiling point | 337 °C |
| Density | 1.84 g/cm³ |
| Solubility | Miscible with water; dissolving is highly exothermic |
Key reactions
H₂SO₄ + 2NaOH → Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O
Neutralisation with base
Fe + H₂SO₄(稀) → FeSO₄ + H₂↑
Dilute acid displaces hydrogen from active metals
C + 2H₂SO₄(浓) →(Δ) CO₂↑ + 2SO₂↑ + 2H₂O
Hot concentrated acid acts as a strong oxidiser
Main uses
- Fertiliser production (superphosphate, ammonium sulfate)
- Electrolyte in lead-acid batteries
- Petroleum refining, metal pickling, chemical feedstock
Hazard
HighStrongly corrosive; concentrated acid causes severe burns and dehydration
Constituent elements
Data sources
Molar mass is computed from IUPAC (CIAAW) standard atomic weights; formula, properties and reactions can be verified on PubChem, NIST and Wikipedia. The CAS number is the substance's unique registry identifier. Educational reference only.