Indium
Indium (铟, symbol In) is chemical element number 49, a Post-Transition Metal in period 5, group 13 of the periodic table, with a standard atomic weight of about 114.82. Soft, silvery post-transition metal. Used in touchscreens (indium tin oxide) and solders.
Properties
| Atomic number | 49 |
|---|---|
| Symbol | In |
| Atomic mass | 114.82 u |
| Category | Post-Transition Metal |
| Period | 5 |
| Group | 13 |
| Electron configuration | [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p¹ |
| Electronegativity | 1.78 |
| Covalent radius | 142 pm |
| Density | 7.31 g/cm³ |
| Melting point | 429.75 K |
| Boiling point | 2345 K |
| Discovery | Reich & Richter, 1863 |
Overview
Soft, silvery post-transition metal. Used in touchscreens (indium tin oxide) and solders. Element 49, Indium (In), is a Post-Transition Metal found in period 5, group 13. As a post-transition metal it is fairly soft with a low melting point, turning up in alloys, solders and coatings.
With 3 electrons in its outermost shell, Indium bonds accordingly; full configuration [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p¹, electronegativity 1.78. At room temperature it is normally a solid; it melts near 429.75 K (156.6 °C), boils near 2345 K (2071.9 °C), has a density around 7.31 g/cm³.
Common applications range across Electronics / Semiconductors. It was first described by Reich & Richter in 1863. The periodic trends guide explains the underlying patterns.
Electron shells
Electrons per shell: 2 · 8 · 18 · 18 · 3
Main uses
- Electronics / Semiconductors
Hazard
Compounds containing Indium
No compounds in this knowledge base contain Indium yet.
Data sources
Atomic mass uses IUPAC (CIAAW) standard atomic weights; the covalent radius is from Cordero et al. (2008). Verify on the RSC Periodic Table, PubChem and Wikipedia. Educational reference only.