Scandium
Scandium (钪, symbol Sc) is chemical element number 21, a Transition Metal in period 4, group 3 of the periodic table, with a standard atomic weight of about 44.956. Silvery-white transition metal. Used in aerospace and sporting goods alloys.
Properties
| Atomic number | 21 |
|---|---|
| Symbol | Sc |
| Atomic mass | 44.956 u |
| Category | Transition Metal |
| Period | 4 |
| Group | 3 |
| Electron configuration | [Ar] 3d¹ 4s² |
| Electronegativity | 1.36 |
| Covalent radius | 170 pm |
| Density | 2.989 g/cm³ |
| Melting point | 1814 K |
| Boiling point | 3109 K |
| Discovery | Lars Fredrik Nilson, 1879 |
Overview
Silvery-white transition metal. Used in aerospace and sporting goods alloys. Element 21, Scandium (Sc), is a Transition Metal found in period 4, group 3. As a transition metal it commonly shows several oxidation states, forms coloured compounds, and is widely used in catalysts and alloys.
It has the configuration [Ar] 3d¹ 4s² and an electronegativity near 1.36; its 2 outer-shell electrons drive its bonding. Under standard conditions it exists as a solid; it melts near 1814 K (1540.9 °C), boils near 3109 K (2835.9 °C), has a density around 2.989 g/cm³.
It is widely used in Structural / Alloys and Research. It was first described by Lars Fredrik Nilson in 1879.
Electron shells
Electrons per shell: 2 · 8 · 9 · 2
Main uses
- Structural / Alloys
- Research
Hazard
Compounds containing Scandium
No compounds in this knowledge base contain Scandium yet.
Data sources
Atomic mass uses IUPAC (CIAAW) standard atomic weights; the covalent radius is from Cordero et al. (2008). Verify on the RSC Periodic Table, PubChem and Wikipedia. Educational reference only.