Guides
Common Acids, Bases and Salts (with Formulas)
A handy list of the common acids, bases and salts with their chemical formulas.
Common acids
| Name | Formula | Strength |
|---|---|---|
| Hydrochloric acid | HCl | Strong |
| Sulfuric acid | H₂SO₄ | Strong |
| Nitric acid | HNO₃ | Strong |
| Carbonic acid | H₂CO₃ | Weak |
| Acetic acid | CH₃COOH | Weak |
Common bases
| Name | Formula | Strength |
|---|---|---|
| Sodium hydroxide | NaOH | Strong |
| Potassium hydroxide | KOH | Strong |
| Calcium hydroxide | Ca(OH)₂ | Strong (slightly soluble) |
| Ammonia (aq) | NH₃·H₂O | Weak |
Common salts
| Name | Formula |
|---|---|
| Sodium chloride (table salt) | NaCl |
| Sodium carbonate (soda ash) | Na₂CO₃ |
| Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) | NaHCO₃ |
| Calcium carbonate | CaCO₃ |
| Copper(II) sulfate | CuSO₄ |
Structure, reactions and hazards for each are in the compound library; see also acids vs bases vs salts.